Sow These Top 6 Early Varieties of Mustard in September-October for Better Yields

Key Highlights

• Sow mustard between late September and mid-October.
• Pusa Mustard-24 matures in 140 days with a 20.25 quintal yield.
• Pusa Mustard-25 offers 18-20 quintal yield in 105-115 days.
• Ideal row spacing is 45 cm with 1 kg seed per acre.
• First irrigation 30-35 days after sowing.

Mustard Cultivation is a key agricultural practice for farmers agriculture work in India, and sowing the right varieties at the right time can significantly boost yields. Agricultural scientists from Pusa have recently issued an advisory recommending the best early varieties of mustard for September-October sowing. These varieties, including Pusa Mustard-24, Pusa Mustard-25, Pusa Mustard-28, Pusa Agrani, Pusa Tarak, and Pusa Mahak, are ideal for short-duration cultivation, ensuring a quicker harvest and higher productivity.

Also Read: ICAR Launches 5 New High-Yield Cotton Varieties: Features and Benefits

Let’s dive into these top mustard varieties and the recommended sowing methods.

Top 6 Early Varieties of Mustard

1. Pusa Mustard-24 (LET-18)

• Duration: Ready to harvest in 140 days.
• Yield: 20.25 quintals per hectare.
• Oil Content: 26.55%.
• Special Feature: Contains erucic acid (<2.0%) and is suited for irrigated areas.
• Best for: Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Delhi, Jammu & Kashmir, and Western UP.

Pusa Mustard-24 is ideal for regions with timely sowing and irrigation facilities. Its long growth period results in higher yields and better oil content.

2. Pusa Mustard-25

• Duration: Harvests in 105-115 days.
• Yield: 18-20 quintals per hectare.
• Oil Content: 39.6%.
• Resistance: Highly resistant to downy mildew and white rust.

This variety offers a good balance of high yield in a short growing period, making it suitable for farmers seeking quicker results with protection against diseases.

3. Pusa Mustard-28

• Duration: Ready in 107 days.
• Yield: 19.93 quintals per hectare.
• Oil Content: 41.5%.
• Heat Tolerance: Tolerates high temperatures during germination.

This variety thrives in high temperatures, making it a good choice for areas like Delhi, Haryana, Punjab, and Rajasthan, where temperatures can fluctuate.

4. Pusa Agrani

• Duration: Harvests in 110 days.
• Yield: 17.5 quintals per hectare.
• Oil Content: 39-40%.

As the first early-yielding Indian mustard variety, Pusa Agrani is a great alternative to Toria and can be cultivated after paddy crops in northeastern and eastern states.

5. Pusa Tarak (EJ-9912-13)

• Duration: Harvests in 121 days.
• Yield: 19.24 quintals per hectare.
• Oil Content: 40%.

This variety is suitable for a multi-cropping system and can be grown alongside vegetables or sugarcane in January. It’s best suited for farmers practicing crop rotation.

6. Pusa Mahak (JD-6)

• Duration: Ready in 118 days.
• Yield: 17.5 quintals per hectare.
• Oil Content: 40%.

Pusa Mahak is a good choice for farmers in rice fields across NER and eastern regions. It’s considered suitable for states like Delhi, Bihar, West Bengal, and Assam.

Also Read: ICAR Launches 7 New High-Yielding Varieties of Soybean, Groundnut, Safflower, and Sesame

Sowing Methods for Early Mustard Cultivation

To ensure the best results, farmers should follow the recommended sowing practices for mustard cultivation:

• Soil Type: Sandy loam soil is ideal for mustard, though it can grow in various types of soil.
• Sowing Time: Mustard should be sown between the last week of September and mid-October.
• Field Preparation: Use a tractor and rotavator to prepare the field, ensuring the soil is well-tilled for planting.
• Sowing Distance: Maintain a row spacing of 45 cm and a plant-to-plant distance of 20 cm for optimal growth.
• Seed Quantity: Use 1 kg of mustard seed per acre.
• Fertilizer Application: At the time of sowing, apply 100 kg single superphosphate, 35 kg urea, and 25 kg muriate of potash per acre.
• Irrigation: The first irrigation should be done 30-35 days after sowing to ensure proper moisture for seed germination.

By following these guidelines, farmers can expect better yields from their mustard crops and enjoy a fruitful harvest.

Also Read: Government to Launch New Scheme for Ladli Sisters, Boosting Income Opportunities

CMV360 Says

Sowing these top mustard varieties in September-October can significantly boost your mustard yield. Each variety offers unique benefits, whether it’s early maturation, high oil content, or disease resistance. By preparing your field properly and using the right fertilizers, you can ensure a successful mustard crop this season.

Make sure to consult with local agricultural experts to choose the variety best suited for your region and climate conditions.